Which technique is commonly used in root cause analysis?

The 5 Whys technique is widely recognized for its effectiveness in root cause analysis. This technique involves asking "why" multiple times—typically five—until the underlying cause of a problem is identified. The repeated questioning helps to drill down into the layers of symptoms, leading to the core issue that needs to be addressed.

By focusing on the 'why' behind a problem rather than just the symptoms, the 5 Whys approach promotes a deeper understanding of the fundamental issues impacting a situation. This analysis is straightforward but powerful, enabling teams and individuals to uncover the root cause that may not be immediately evident.

Other techniques mentioned, such as scenario analysis, cost-benefit analysis, and gap analysis, have their own specific applications. Scenario analysis helps in understanding potential future events by considering various possible outcomes. Cost-benefit analysis evaluates the financial implications of decisions. Gap analysis compares actual performance with potential or desired performance. While useful in different contexts, these techniques do not specifically target root cause identification in the same manner as the 5 Whys.